Het instellen op insuline van patiënten met diabetes mellitus type 2: in een transmurale organisatievorm minstens even effectief als poliklinisch; een retrospectief onderzoek met 4 jaar follow-up

Assessing whether the initiation of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 can be delivered as effectively in a structured transmural care model as in the more usual outpatients structure.

Design

Retrospective comparative cohort study.

Method

In 1997 data were collected from 52 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 all of whom were above 40 years of age and transferred to insulin therapy in 1993: 25 in a transmural care setting and 27 in an outpatients setting, both in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Both groups were treated according to one protocol concerning the initiation and monitoring of insulin therapy, treatment goals and follow-up. Outcome measures were: percentage of glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c), health status, self-care behaviour and patient satisfaction. In 1993 the mean age was (transmural/outpatients setting): 67.5/65.3 years; percentage of men: 32/48; mean duration of diabetes: 7.3/10.6 years; HbA_1c: 9.1/9.3; mean body mass index: 27.4/29.1 kg/m².

Results

In the period 1993-1997 the mean HbA_1c decreased from 9.1 to 7.2 in the transmural care group and from 9.3 to 7.6 in the outpatients care group (both: p = 0.000). The percentage of patients with poor glycaemic control (HbA_1c > 8) decreased from 60 to 8 in the transmural care group and from 59 to 15 in the outpatients care group. The percentage of patients with good glycaemic control (HbA_1c < 7) increased from 4 to 52 in the transmural care group and from 11 to 30 in the outpatients care group. No statistically significant differences were found between the patient groups with respect to health status, self-care behaviour and patient satisfaction.

Conclusion

The transfer of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 insulin therapy in a shared care setting was at least as effective as in an outpatients setting.